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Every game of golf is based on playing a number of holes in a given order. A “round” consists of 18 holes that are played in the order determined by the course layout. Each player plays a ball from the tee to the hole, except that in the mode of play called foursomes, two teams of two players compete, and the members of each team alternate shots using only one ball. When all individual players or teams have brought a ball into play, the player or team whose ball is the farthest from the hole is next to play. When all players of a group have completed the hole, the player or team with the best score on that hole has the “honor”, that is, the right to play first on the next tee.

Each player records the score on a score card for one other player of group. In stroke play, the score consists of the number of strokes played plus any penalty strokes incurred. Penalty strokes are not actually strokes but penalty points that are added to the score for violations of rules or for making use of relief procedures in certain situations.

In every form of play, the goal is to play as few shots per round as possible. Scores for each hole can be described as follows: